Informative Essay On Obesity - 1841 Words

How has obesity affected children in the United States? In this paper I will talk about how obesity has affected the United States and has made us the most â€Å"obese country in the world.† I will persuade my audience that there are obstacles people face such as fast food restaurants, emotional effects, bad parenting, etc., that are affecting our country health wise. My audience will be cognizant that obesity can be stopped and that there are many solutions to fighting obesity. The audience will be persuaded that obesity has become an epidemic for years and will continue if no actions are taken. What I will do to make sure my paper’s productivity level is at a fair pace, is that I will lead my audience to what parts of the paper I want to†¦show more content†¦McDonald’s is a restaurant well known by children all over the world. In the documentary â€Å"Super Size Me† starring Morgan Spurlock, Spurlock surveyed children under the age of 8; he showed them a gallery of photos of different people such as George Washington, Jesus Christ, and Ronald McDonald. None of the kids knew who was George Washington or Jesus Christ, but when Spurlock showed them a picture of Ronald McDonald, all the children got excited, said Ronald McDonald’s name, and gave a description of him. This not only gives more evidence as to why McDonald’s is an incredible icon to children but it gives an attraction to them and that attraction convinces children to eat off the wide variety of food options on the McDonald’s menu. Children not only ask for McDonald ’s but it soon becomes a habit and â€Å"before most children can speak they can recognize McDonald’s† according to Vivavegie.org. Most people can say that McDonald’s reputation is bad because of the fact that the franchise business contributes to the global epidemic, obesity. If one takes McDonald’s to another level and look atShow MoreRelatedEssay on Informative Speech Outline-Childhood Obesity840 Words   |  4 PagesInformative Speech Outline Jill Lesmann Oral Communications Cathleen Kruska April 9th 2015    Topic: Childhood Obesity INTRODUCTION I. Attention Getter: Hi, my name is Jill. I have been a pediatric nurse for almost 2 years now. According to the National Center for Health Statistics in 2011, childhood Obesity has more than doubled in children and quadrupled in adolescents in the past 30 years. And in 2012, more than one-third of children and adolescents were overweight or obese. IIRead MoreArgumentative Essays About Obesity1560 Words   |  7 Pagesif you want to stick to the obesity argument you might want to think of arguments such as should the government be doing more to tackle the problem or is it up to the individual? or How is it people can allow themselves to get that far into bad health(obesity)? (might be more of a Psychology question though..) A good one for looking at arguments relating to the fast food industry is Super-Size me that documentary, that might give you some more ideas about arguments, to look into some of theRead MoreBreastfeeding Should Be Practiced More Frequently?1013 Words   |  5 Pages In her persuasive research essay, Alyssa Schow argues that breastfeeding should be practiced more frequently because of the benefits it has. It was a very interesting essay for me to read because it was so informative. Not only did Alyssa Schow present her viewpoint, but she accurately presents alternate points of view and responds to them . Although I wish that she added more personal commentary, the general point that got across was that breastfeeding has positive effects for both the child andRead MoreNutrition and Health893 Words   |  4 PagesNutrition and Health Programs tanisha sanders Strayer University ENG 115 Dr. Kirk The Chairman of the state school board has asked you (a consultant on health and wellness), to write an informative piece about the recent changes to the breakfast and lunch program. The information will be used improve nutrition and health. The content will turn into a brochure describing the four major issues: economic situation, special needs, health of the population being served, process and benefitsRead MoreCould We Live Witouht Tv ?1205 Words   |  5 PagesOpinion essay Topic: TV: could you live without it? Azizov Saidkabir 20102070 Have we ever asked ourselves â€Å"Could we live without television? Do we know what kinds of programs our children are watching? How do they influence to our personality?† Television is an information channel and telecommunication system for broadcasting and receiving images, pictures, animations, and movies from a long distance. Television has a variety of programs. Programs on television are supposed to be entertainingRead MoreNutrition Is Essential For The Development Of Physical And Cognitive Health1394 Words   |  6 PagesNutrition Essay Report â€Å"Optimum nutrition is essential for the development of physical and cognitive health in children, infants and adolescents.† 1. Why did Jamie Oliver begin the â€Å"Ministry of Food†? The ministry of food was introduced in 1942 by the British government to advocate eating nutritious food’s during the time of WW2, when there was sparsity of crops and fresh produce, due to the war effort. It also educated people on ways to feed their families healthy food on a budget. However moreRead MoreShhh Essay2170 Words   |  9 PagesJune 13th Percentage of Final Grade: 10% Objective: Write a summary of Crystal’s essay â€Å"2B or not 2B.† Use a template from They Say, I Say to begin your summary. Make appropriate rhetorical â€Å"moves,† such as integrating quotes, choosing strong verbs, and using effective transitions. Most importantly, demonstrate that you understand the what, how, and why: (1) What is the main argument or â€Å"gist† of Crystal’s essay? (2) How does Crystal develop/ support/ illustrate this argument? (3) Why, accordingRead MoreInformative Essay on Diabetes1506 Words   |  7 PagesAn Informative Essay On Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death listed in the United States. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness. In 1996 diabetes contributed to more than 162,000 deaths(Lewis 1367). Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders with glucose intolerance in common (McCance 674). Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar) and results from defective insulin productionRead MoreInformative Essay About Drugs1020 Words   |  5 Pages Drugs Wyatt Lehr Lamar High School APA Informative Drugs have been an effective way of reaching a pleasurable state, relieving pain, avoiding stress, and meeting social expectations for the past six thousand years. There is a controversy over whether drugs are good for people or not, but this essay is not an opinion of what drugs are and should be used for. This paper will explain the background and effects of drugs on the human body and mind (Scheme=AGLSTERMS.AglsAgent; corporateName=StateRead MorePublic Services : Public Sector1561 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will provide an analysis of the public sector in public relations, identifying its key concepts, challenges and an example of an organisation which follows its structure. The public sector PR is described as â€Å"driven by the need for transparency in how an organisation carries out its public duties, accountability to the public, on how money from taxes is spent and increasingly, public consultation and involvement in the services provided† (Tench Yeomans 2009). Public sector organisations

The Death Penalty Is Necessary - 858 Words

The Death Penalty is a controversial capital punishment which is given against a crime usually involving murder. It is controversial because many people are for it and many people are against it. Many people do not pay attention to the death penalty, because it is only legal in 31 out of the 50 states. Iowa is not one of those states. Life without parole is better, for many reasons. I am against the death penalty not only because it is simply wrong, but because it does not reduce the crime rates any and a lot of the times they wrong the execution. There is so many better alternatives than the death penalty. Put the person that did the crime in prison for life without parole. Although, some may say that they should not do this either because the prisons will become too full. Well, it is way cheaper to put the person in prison for life rather than executing them. To be in prison it would cost, $31,000 a year. To be executed it would cost $1.26 million up front. As you can tell the pric e range is way different and there really is no point in executing someone, when they can just face life without parole rather than just being killed. That would just be a dumb idea of the state because they are paying more to execute them than they would be if they just expanded the prisons so they did not have to worry about them over populating and spend less money. Race and place may determine who lives and who dies. The people who kill whites are more likely to be executed than those whoShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Is Necessary And Necessary1538 Words   |  7 PagesThe Death penalty debate has had the United States population divided by a great number of elites and citizens in support, and an equally larger number of experts and Americans opposed to it. Internationally, also, countries seem to be having a different stance on the issue of whether to do away with the death penalty or to keep supporting it. In the United States, there are about 33 states that have the death penalty as a legal punishment, but there are about 17 states that have abolished the capitalRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Necessary899 Words   |  4 Pagesdeterrence. As of today, there are thirty-two states which offer the only just punishment for a crime without parallel and eighteen states having abolished the death penalty. The use of the death penalty has brought peace of mind to our citizens. Though through the mid nineteen sixties until the early nineteen eighties only about six death penalties actually took effect. When the number of executions dropped, the murder rate rose from 5.6 per 100,000 people to 10.2 which is almost double the murder rateRead MoreIs The Death Penalty Really Necessary?1316 Words   |  6 PagesKyle Kieffer Mrs. Cardell American Lit 06 Mar. 2017 Is the Death Penalty really necessary? Since the very beginning of the growth of the thirteen colonies, to the end product being the United States of America, 15,760 citizens have been executed. Throughout the time span, their methods of executions have gotten more sophisticated, for the good and unfortunately, the bad. The first methods of executions include, but are not limited to: burning on the stake, hangings, or being shot down by a firingRead More The Death Penalty Is Necessary Essay942 Words   |  4 PagesThe death penalty otherwise known as capital punishment, is the most extreme punishment a government can implement on its own people. Presently, only eight-six countries have completely abolished the use of capital punishment, while seventy-four countries still retain some use of the death penalty. Throughout history, the controversy over the necessity of the use of the death penalty has continued. Many oppose the death penalty on basis of moral and ethical grounds, but one must keep in mind thatRead More The Death Penalty: A Necessary Evil Essay893 Words   |  4 Pages The Death Penalty: a Necessary Evil Life is the most wonderful gift that God gives us. He also gives us the power to do what we wish with that life. We can keep it and guard it, or we can take it away. It follows that murder is the worst crime anyone could ever commit. It is a crime that no one can ever make right because once you take a life away you can never give it back. Penalties exacted from criminals are made to fit the crimes committed. The worst crime possible should therefore receiveRead MoreEssay on The Death Penalty Is A Necessary Evil1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe death penalty is a necessary evil that has a positive effect on society today. It is an effective deterrent of crime as well as a safeguard for society. It also helps to keep order in our cities. It is a just and effective punishment for those who have committed crimes heinous enough to deserve death. The death penalty is not a new idea in our world. Its origins date back over 3,700 years to the Babylonian civilization, where it was prescribed for a variety of crimes. (Capital PunishmentRead MoreA Halt On The Death Penalty Is Necessary Since The Cost1265 Words   |  6 Pageson the death penalty is necessary since the cost of maintaining it extends far beyond keeping criminals in prison, it proves to not serve as a deterrent to criminals, and it is inherently racist based on our application to this day. The controversy linked to the expenses of the death penalty compared life in prison is known to be higher. According to Times, the death penalty has three stages. These stages include the cost of prosecution, the cost of defense, and the cost of housing a death penaltyRead MoreThe Death Penalty is Necessary in Modern Society Essay753 Words   |  4 Pagesa more heinous crime has occurred, the convicted person will most likely incur the death penalty. In our modern society it has become necessary to deal out death and judgment to ensure the safety of many. The line is drawn in the sand but in some cases we step over that line to look at each case with strict detail. Even with modern equipment and technology, human error is still inevitable. In some cases, death row inmates have declared their innocence even in their dying moments. With our modernRead More The Death Penalty is a Necessary Deterrent to Crime Essay1712 Words   |  7 PagesThe Death Penalty is a Necessary Deterrent to Crime    Murder and rape are serious crimes, although they arent the only crimes that could be considered serious. Others that might be considered are stealing, which has numerous categories under it such as grand theft auto, etc†¦ The following story is the true account of a young female named Donna. This story tells of Donnas rape and then her murder by a man named McCorquodale and his friend Leroy. The author is telling this story in order to createRead MoreLife Is A Precious Thing, Death Is The Great Evil898 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Life is a precious thing, death is the great evil†, said by Heinrich Heine who is a famous poet. So we can know that life is the most important thing for every single life entity. There are a lot of words that can modify life, such as important, precious, formidable and so on. The reason why there are so many good vocabulary can modify life is nobody want to lose their own life. It is clear that not only human, but also animals cherish their own life. According to the utterance which Heine said

Essay on Two Business A2 Level Critical Path Analysis...

Q1) Discuss the benefits to Balfour Beatty of using critical path analysis in order to plan its construction projects. (15 marks) Critical path analysis identifies the most efficient and cost effective way of completing a complex project. The various activities which together will make up the project are identified, and the order of these activities are identified. Then, the duration of each activity is estimated and these factors are then arranged as a network or graph, showing the whole project from start to finish, and showing which tasks can happen at the same time. The sequence of tasks which have to be done one after another with no gaps in between is called the Critical Path. One benefit of Critical Path analysis to Balfour†¦show more content†¦Q2) Evaluate the main difficulties faced by Balfour Beatty and other construction companies in their use of CPA to plan their projects. (15 marks) Critical path analysis identifies the most efficient and cost effective way of completing a complex project. The various activities which together will make up the project are identified, and the order of these activities are identified. Then, the duration of each activity is estimated and these factors are then arranged as a network or graph, showing the whole project from start to finish, and showing which tasks can happen at the same time. The sequence of tasks which have to be done one after another with no gaps in between is called the Critical Path. One difficulty of using Critical Path Analysis is that unless critical activities are identified and supervised closely, there’ll be delays to the whole project. Critical path analysis puts pressure on mangers to manage effectively and meet deadlines. If, for example, Balfour Beatty was unable to get hold of a particular piece of equipment when needed, the whole project could be delayed by the amount of time that it takes to get the equipment. This means that there will be many employees being paid with no output and the whole project is delayed with doesn’t usually bode well with the customer. A second difficulty of using CriticalShow MoreRelatedThe Mission Of The Task3249 Words   |  13 Pagesverification and mechanical. Mission of the task expounds that after the regard of the idea and outline construction modelling two prototypes will be building and they will at last be audited in the last plan endorsement. Degree said that the venture is evaluated to be completing in 231 days and the change can be subjected under a few conditions. 2. Assessment Part-A: Question #1: a) Accumulation of Milestones: In order to keep the project save from time delays it is recommended to include some additionalRead MoreCoffee Commodity Chain10329 Words   |  42 Pagesmodel confirms the beneficial role of the International Coffee Agreement and the importance of the level of production in determining coffee prices. Key words: global commodity chain, vector error correction model, coffee, value added JEL classifications: O01, F02, Q110, C320, F230, F14 â™ ¦ Monash University Department of Economics (Olsen), Monash University Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics (Olsen and Inder). Corresponding author Tine S. Olsen, tsols1@student.monash.edu.  ©Read MoreCost Management Test Questions Suggested Solutions21056 Words   |  85 PagesSREERAM COACHING POINT COST Management Test Questions Suggested Solutions by L. Muralidharan, FCA., Grad. CWA., COST MANAGEMENT - TEST QUESTIONS SOLUTIONS Question: 1 Bharata Ltd is considering proposals for design changes in one of a range of soft toys. The proposals are as follows: (a) Eliminate some of the decorative stitching from the toy. (b) Use plastic eyes instead of glass eyes in the toys (two eyes per toy). (c) Change the filling material used. It is proposed that scrap fabricRead MoreChapter 1 Managerial Accounting, the Business Organization, and Professional Ethics7756 Words   |  32 PagesCHAPTER 1 COVERAGE OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES | |FUNDA- |CRITICAL THINKING | |CASES, EXCEL, | | |MENTAL |EXERCISES AND EXERCISES| |COLLAB., INTERNET | | |ASSIGN-MENT | | |EXERCISES | | Read MoreTeaching Notes Robert Grant - Strategy 4th Edition51665 Words   |  207 PagesGroup of Companies in 2002 125 General Electric: Life After Jack 131 AES Corporation: Rewriting the Rules of Management 139 2 Introduction This new edition of Cases in Contemporary Strategy Analysis has been developed to accompany the fourth edition of the textbook Contemporary Strategy Analysis. A key feature of the Casebook is its close integration with the concepts and techniques outlined in the textbook. All the cases, except one, have been specially written to link with a speciï ¬ c chapterRead MoreDatabase Security28570 Words   |  115 Pagesto the computer system. Authentication is the way to verify the identity of a user at log-on time. Most common authentication methods are passwords but more advanced techniques like badge readers, biometric recognition techniques, or signature analysis devices are also available.  · Authorization, Access Controls Authorization is the specification of a set of rules that specify who has which type of access to what information. Authorization policies therefore govern the disclosure and modificationRead MoreIndian Fiscal Policy Impacts9621 Words   |  39 PagesLOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY Term Paper School of Business Department of Management Name of the Student: Azhar Shokin Regd. No.: - 11000968 Course Code: MGT511 Course Title: Business Environment Course Instructor: Vishwas Chakranarayan Course Tutor: Vishwas Chakranarayan Class: MBA Semester: 1st Section: S1001 Batch 2010-12 Student’s Signature Azhar Shokin Topic: - Impact of Fiscal Policy on Indian Economy Contents * IntroductionRead MoreProject Management9882 Words   |  40 PagesNT2799.U1.HO1 Review of Capstone Project Purpose: The goal of this project is to show that you can demonstrate communication skills in the business and professional environment; apply research methods and tools to solve problems; demonstrate foundational IT literacy and competencies; apply industry standards to networking solutions; evaluate technical aspects of systems software, hardware, and services; and design, configure, and deliver network systems. Course Objectives and LearningRead MoreOrganisational Control and Power21418 Words   |  86 Pagesand the manager–subordinate relationship; ââ€"   examine the process of delegation, and the benefits and art of delegation; ââ€"   recognise the human and social factors that influence people’s patterns of behaviour. ORGANISATIONAL CONTROL AND POWER Critical reflection 17 ‘The controversial nature of control means that some writers prefer to use alternative terms such as monitoring or evaluating. But whatever term is used, the process of maintaining order is an integral part of the individual andRead MoreImpact of Hrm7495 Words   |  30 Pagesorganizations to gain competitive advantage. Reward management systems have changed and even the human resource planning strategy is to have a leaner staff in the core areas and to hire part time workers in a bid to reduce costs and to enable the business to run profitably and efficiently. The non-core jobs have been outsourced which has led to an increase in independent contractors to service industries. However, the homogeneity that results from globalization has had a major effect in developing

Essay Forever 21 Too Good to Be True - 1388 Words

Too Good To Be True? Forever 21 and its Illegal and Immoral Policies After a recent shopping spree at Forever 21, the many hours spent perusing the rakes brought continuous amazement at the low prices found on the tags. How could clothes this trendy and fashionable possibly come at such a reasonable price? This question was quickly followed by an unsettling yet painfully obvious thought. Sweatshops. To me, there was no other explanation as to how one of the world’s most popular clothing stores for young woman could provide such a marked down price to its customers. The stylish knockoffs became to me what they had always been, too good to be true. Upon returning from my long day of shopping, I decided to dig a bit deeper into this†¦show more content†¦(Wiseman). Instead of making things right, Forever 21 countersued the workers as well as the Garment Workers Center, which helped the workers file suit for defamation, and with the defense that they shouldn’t be responsible for their m anufacturing plants’ working conditions. The company was smacked down when a judge ruled that Forever 21 was in fact responsible for the poor conditions at its suppliers’ manufacturing plants. The company settled with workers for an undisclosed amount out of court. As of August 2011, Forever 21 has been sued for copyright infringement over forty times, each time by a different designer. Like their claims against sweatshop abuse, the company says that their manufacturers’ copied designs are also not their fault. As Chang told a UK newspaper, Gaurdian, â€Å"I have in the past overly trusted people and was, in turn, let down by some. Since then I have learned the difference between putting faith into people and blindly trusting them.† For most people, that would mean stopping the copyright infringement, or at least changing suppliers. Apparently, to Chang, it means continuing to â€Å"blindly trust† people to keep making him money with copied designs , and letting them take the blame when he gets sued. Chang and Forever 21 have started such uproar in the fashion world that a billShow MoreRelatedPoetry Analysis for Sunshine by Matisyahu1628 Words   |  7 PagesMany  songs  use  different  literary  devices  to  communicate  a  message  out  to  the  audience.  One of  those  songs  is  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sunshine†Ã‚  by  Matisyahu,  which  displays  symbolism,  imagery,  figures  of  speech,  tone, and  theme.  Others  might  not  enjoy  the  song  because  it  gives  mixed  signals.  Although  that  is  true,  there are  much  more  reasons  to  why  someone  would  enjoy  it.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sunshine†Ã‚  by  Matisyahu  is  an  effective  song because  the  artist  uses  a  potpourri  of  literary  terms  to  present  his  meaning  to  the  audience. Matisyahu  uses  symbolism  to  define  the  deeper  meaning  of  never   giving  up  in  his  songRead MoreCritical analysis on The Wars by Timothy Findley.1710 Words   |  7 Pageswas not for this specific skill, or can also be seen as a specific genre, the novel would not have been as successful as it is now. Also, something that helps the book be so triumphant, there is the fact that Findley never overwhelms the reader with too many gruesome details about the World War I. Instead, he breaks the book down to help the reader calm down from everything that is happening. Throughout the essay, there is going to be some commenting on a text titled The Literature of World War OneRead MoreEssay about Change In The Things They Carried1636 Words   |  7 Pagesto emphasis on the importance of the chapter Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong. In this chapter we are introduced to the character Mary Anne. She shows the changing power of Vietnam, that a sweet innocent young girl can come into this land and be forever consumed by her surroundings. The speaker show us this through character action, character description, dialogue and metaphor; this enhances the literary work by showing us that the soldiers will always be a part of Vietnam no matter how hard theyRead More‚Äà ºMass Media (Television, the Internet, Advertising) Influence Youth Too Much Nowadays.‚Äà ¹ to What Extent Is This True?794 Words   |  4 Pagesadvertising) influence youth too much nowadays.† To what extent is this true? In the recent years, the prevalence of mass media has been undeniable. All over the world, youths have access to mass media through their smartphones, television sets and computers. In such a media-driven world, it is no surprise that mass media has come to play a substantial role in the attitudes and mindsets of youth. To a large extent, mass media does have the power to influence youth too much nowadays as seen throughRead MoreA Life Changing Moment That Happened944 Words   |  4 PagesAs a matter of fact in school I was not much of reader either, so I only read as much as I had too to complete an assignment. Then one day I was called down to the principal’s office during my senior year at Slippery Rock High school to have a chat with Mr. Jeffries, the head guy in charge. Little did I know that this visit to the principal’s office was going to change the way I looked at reading forever. Mr. Jeffries called me into his office to tell me that I had violated the parking agreementRead MoreThe Effects of Underage Drinking Essay853 Words   |  4 Pagesstated that â€Å"The [minimum legal drinking age] should stay at 21 because people tend to be more mature and responsible at 21 than 18† (ProCon.org). At the age of twenty one, one has experienced more life situations than an eighteen year old has, making the twenty one year old a more responsible human being. It is also proven that â€Å"Raising the drinking age has apparently increased responsibility among young people. Compared to 1980 when less than 21 was the norm, fewer college students in 1995 reported drinkingRead MoreThe Lottery Ticket791 Words   |  4 PagesI can still remember the day my life changed forever. I am a single mother of two children struggling with income. Life has been a constant struggle since my husband left me. I was not only in depression, but I was a gambling addict. I bought a lot tery ticket every week in hopes of winning and not having to declare bankruptcy to pay off some loans. I never had any luck until the day I will always remember: December 11th. December 10th started out as any other day. Before, I went to work as a waitress;Read MoreReliance on Technology1481 Words   |  6 Pagesthings go black. We should also pay more attention to the information that we make available online. The most damaging information is the information that we make readily available with little regard for who might be viewing it. People are entirely too dependent on technology related services for communication, commerce, and social media. Our over reliance on technology is causing the social life of many individuals to become distorted. Before the boom of technological growth, people socializedRead More Private Gun Ownership Should NOT be Banned Essays1056 Words   |  5 Pagesdefended itself with guns since December 13, 1631 when the National Guard was born. We are a country that defends what we love. What do we defend ourselves with? Guns of course. Guns and America were discovered around the same time. Guns will forever be a part of America. Without guns the American Revolution would not have been won (Boehm). There have been some times in American history where guns have caused the loss of innocent Americans lives due to an unstable person, but there have alsoRead MoreDepolis : A Comparison Of Cassandra And Socrates1644 Words   |  7 PagesSocrates had this idea that everyone is stuck in a cave, chained to a wall, and the only person who has experienced life outside of the cave was Socrates himself. Soc rates felt that culturally, the people of Athens were too worried about materialistic things and that there was too much emphasis placed on the honors people received from war. After years of preaching this message to the youth of Athens, he began to gain many followers. Many of his followers were young, and would take the lessons they

Organizational Behavior Theories Taxonomy Free Essays

Running Head: Taxonomy Taxonomy Anonymous Grand Canyon University Management 415 March 22, 2010 Management Theory Taxonomy Leadership qualities dated back to (315-311 BC) – Seleukos conquers and unites Roman and Persian empire by leading his troops ethically, with respect for diversity, social responsibility and organizational culture. Management Foundation- Scientific management 1. Frederick W. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior Theories Taxonomy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Taylor (1911) – Time study: to analyze motional task and develop the most efficient ways to perform them. Reduce job to basic physical motions. Principal object of management should be to secure the maximum prosperity for the company and maximum prosperity for the employee. 2. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth – Motion studies to observe motions workers make to simplify job. 3. Henri Fayol (1916) – Administrative Principles – believed management could be taught †¢ Foresight – complete plan of action for the future †¢ Organization – resources to complete plan †¢ Command – lead, select and evaluate workers Coordination – diversity, information, solve problems †¢ Control – Ensure plan works and correct any negative action Bureaucratic Organization Max Weber – Organization is logic, orderly and has legitimate authority. †¢ Impersonal †¢ Career managers †¢ Clear division of labor †¢ Promotion based on merit †¢ Formal hierarchy of authority †¢ Written rules and standard procedures Behavior al Management Approaches Mary Parker Follett – Organization is community †¢ Every employee is an owner and has collective responsibility and input. The Hawthorne Studies (1924) – Scientific Management †¢ Determine economic incentives and physical conditions of the workplace affect the output of workers. †¢ Hawthorne Effect – Tendency or personas singled out for special attention to perform as expected. †¢ Human Relations movement (1050-1960) Managers using good human relations will achieve productivity Abraham Maslow – Maslow’s Theory of human needs – Managers who help people satisfy deprived needs at work will achieve productivity: †¢ Self-actualization †¢ Esteem †¢ Social †¢ Safety Physiological Douglas McGregor – McGregor’s theory X and Theory Y †¢ X – Assumes people dislike work, lack ambition, act irresponsibly and prefer to be led. †¢ Y – Assumes people are willing to work, like responsibility, and are self directed and creative. †¢ Self-fulfilling prophecy – occurs when a person acts in ways that confirm another’s expectations. Chris Argyris – Theory of Adult Personality – Managers who treat people positively and as responsible adults will achieve the highest productivity. Modern Management Foundations Manage the organization from a broader perspective, coordinate central administration with its programs, engineering with manufacturing, supervisors with workers. Quantitative Analysis and Tools – mathematical forecasting of future projection †¢ Management science – systematically analyzed, appropriate mathematical models and computations are applied and optimum solution is identified. †¢ Operations research – testing and tweaking †¢ Operation management – Study of how organizations produce goods and services Organizations as systems System – Collection of interrelated parts working together for purpose †¢ Subsystems – Smaller component of larger system †¢ Open system – Interacts with the environment and transforms resource input into outputs. Contingency thinking – Match management practices with situational demands Quality Management †¢ Total quality management – Manage with organization-wi de commitment to continuous improvement, product quality, and customer needs †¢ Continuous improvement – Always searching for new ways †¢ ISO Certificate – Indicates conformance with a rigorous set of international quality standards Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning †¢ Use intellectual capital for competitive advantage †¢ Learning Organization – continuously changes and improves using the lessons of experience. The global economy our country’s market is engaged with requires that organization’s theories of management account for and help interpret the rapidly changing nature of today’s organizational environments. How to cite Organizational Behavior Theories Taxonomy, Papers

Governance and Leadership Management

Question: Discuss about theGovernance and Leadership Management. Answer: Description and Evaluation of Project Governance Structure of Telstra Telstra has been a leader in technology for the better part of the decade. Its pioneer work in the field of communication has been revolutionizing. It has made its mark by making many breakthroughs in technology (Telstra.com 2016). Contribution of Telstra to the Australian cloud services and telecommunications has been the result of sound project governance structure of the company. Detailed description of the structure of governance of Telstra is discussed below: Board of Directors Telstra has selected its Board members very sensibly over the years that has made this company grow better and at a faster rate than its competitors in Australia. As of now Telstra has 12 core Board members out which 11 are core members and one director who contribute in the decision making of the company in every aspect of business. Telstra has hired its CEO who has an experience of more than 25 years. The CEO has expertise in finance, strategy development and business of telecommunication products with a worldwide view.Telstra has also incorporated Business Improvement and Support unit for constant innovation in the business ideas. BIS was created by the company some time ago when there was a shakeup in the structure of Telstra and the company was suffering from some inter-company issues around the globe (Telstra.com 2016). But due to establishment of this unit Telstra gained in its productivity and has acquired tools and other programs that assists in simplification of the busines s procedure. The company has also changed its international business composition to harvest the benefits of evolving business needs in the overseas market. The Board has recognized the expertise and experience of members and has designated the suitable portfolio to the concerned members. Telstra has been working on the three pillars of business strategy that is building growth, derive value from the central part of the team and advance customer support (Van den Berghe 2012). Constant review is done by the boards to keep track of the developments and to focus on business ideas. Telstra has a dynamic way of mixing its membership with diversified field of execution for appropriate balance in the management. The Board consists of three standing committees that are Nominating Committee, Remunerating Committee and Risk Audit Committee (Chhaochharia, Kumar and Niessen-Ruenzi 2012). The Board is responsible and is gender neutral as it has included 40% representatives of female gender among its non-executive members. Project and Portfolio Management Telstra is very keen in deployment of Project Engagement structure that ranges to the complete life-cycle of the project. This framework spans from scope of the project, definition of the project to its delivery. To monitor this cycle of project Telstra has employed Project Managers who are competent in managing complex and diverse projects for the implementation of transformation and transition of assignments. Project Office of Management sees to the fact that projects are completed and delivered on time and with utmost precision (Belloc 2012). Project Managers are well versed to follow the guidelines of project execution such as PRINCE2,PMBoK and PMI. They also provide the risk management techniques to ensure the integration of network solutions. Experienced, skilled and expert project managers steer the project through business modules. They are experts in end-to-end delivery of projects with additional stress given to the development of requirements, management of design, quoting and management of implementation (Karolyi 2012). Project and portfolio management is done following certain steps by the managers of Telstra which are as follows: Governance: This phase defines the project structure, does identification of specific resources and their responsibilities and roles. Change in management of organization: Stakeholders are notified about the alteration made in the project. Management of stakeholders: Notification of changes in roles and timeframes in the implementation of the project to the concerned shareholders. Management if risks and issues:This phase comprises of identification, monitoring, mitigation and quantification of risks involved in the project. Management of quality: Definition and compliance with the expectations of the customers. Reporting of status: Consistent updating the status of project including risks involved, budget and attaining milestones. Some other methods and characteristics of Project and Portfolio Management includes the following aspects: Planning Execution and control Deployment and Integration Testing and certification Knowledge management Change Management Release and deployment management Service operation Event Management Security Management Service reporting and improvement Linking of Corporate Strategies and Projects Telstra has grown with rapid pace in Australia and globally. It has laid much emphasis in expansion and linking corporate strategies in execution of its projects. In pursuance of innovation and new ideas to cater to the needs of the customer to thrive in the changing technological world (Michelon, G. and Parbonetti 2012). There are three strategies which are mainly followed by Telstra to link its projects with main business ideas. There strategies are discussed below: Improvement of Customer Support:The policy of customer support is very necessary for Telstra as it is a market driven company, responses and feedback of the customers become the backbone of companys growth. More the customers will be satisfied with the services of Telstra more they will recommend it to others. In this strategy, key areas where customers find problems is targeted by proper planning for the ease of access to the customers. Employees pay great emphasis in notifying the customers about new technologies that are innovated (Armstrong, Balakrishnan and Cohen 2012). Telstra is known for providing customized merchandise as per the requirements of the customers. These include digital options, enhancement in stores and mobile. Derivation of values from the center: Customers of Telstra have much reliance on the services and products of Telstra. Seeing the popularity and sales of its products Telstra has decided to expand its networks by investing in it to provide its customers the best experience available.Core network of Telstra also supports the communication of other government organizations of Australia. Superiority of network has provided a large number of users of mobile network (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012). New data plans and other high value services has generated a substantial revenue for Telstra. Network Services and Applications:Portfolio of NAS provides, enterprises and business connections with government organizations in Australia and software contracts with security services and service solutions. With expansion of services, Telstra has started working in collaboration with global companies such as IBM, Cisco, Amazon Web Services and VMware (Agrawal 2012). Governance of Individual Projects Telstra Company has given more emphasis on the development of software technologies by taking one project as an individual entity. This method of project governance has proved very beneficial to the company. It provides liberty to the employees to focus completely on one problem at a time. Moreover, it enhances the efficiency of the workers as all the details of the project are segregated and a proper time window is available to complete the project. The employees find the proper framework to complete the project with all its entities and features integrated (Cuat, Gine and Guadalupe 2012). Requirement analysis is done in the beginning, after that stakeholders inputs are taken for the project to construct a proper framework, then implementation strategy is made, a time limitation is set to complete the project, cost analysis is done and risk analysis is also done and other methods are also applied during the development of the project. Telstra has governed some projects in the recent past which are: Telstra Ventures:It is a corporate venture capital group founded by Telstra. This venture has invested in new and innovative technologies that have emerged recently and are going to be in market in the near future. Telstra has invested in high growth opportunities that will yield high returns to the company. Additionally, Telstra has its rich assets that allows the company to leverage these kind of investment ventures (Hochberg 2012). Globecast Australia: Telstra has taken over thiscompany recently to construct a deeper base in the media and communication services for broadcasting in foreign countries as well. Knowing well about the Globecast Australia that it has its reach in delivering particular media services and has roots in local as well as international media business Telstra made this move to acquire the company (Morellec, Nikolov and Schrhoff 2012). This has provided Telstra an edge over its competitors in the media business making it the telecommunication giant of Australia. Leadership With the history of over 14 years, Telstra has experienced the work of six CEOs who have greatly contributed in the development of the company in every aspect. All the CEOs were very optimistic, active and had positive frame of mind with a vision to achieve high goals for the company. As media and telecommunication industry has underwent drastic changes in recent years and to cope up with the change and grow at the same time was not an easy task. But management of Telstra was always in good hands through the journey of the company (Hazarika, Karpoff and Nahata, 2012). A top management official who can be the CEO or any other member of the board has to balance the stakes between the investment made for technological advancement of the company and the interest of the stakeholders and shareholders who are concerned with the profits and dividends that the company will make. A leader should also be aware of the opportunities and possibilities to maximize the benefits of the efforts made b y the management and its employees. As in the case of Telstra, the innovative technology of networking like fiber technology and high quality routers has been used in such a way that the consumers are more than happy by the services (Walls, Berrone and Phan 2012). So the foresight is a very important trait of character a leader should possess and Telstra has been lucky in that context. Moreover, having technical skills, professional skills, integrity and personal values are some of the innate qualities that have been demonstrated by the leaders of Telstra in the past. Relationship with Stakeholders In the governance structure of Telstra, the communication and interaction with stakeholders is a vital point that needs consideration. For growth and development and supporting the framework of business, relationship with stakeholders and shareholders is a key point in delivering services as per the strategy.Telstra follows a two-way mode of conveying information to its investors and stakeholders about the strategies of the company. In this mode of information exchange, the management not only conveys important information such as legal obligations and market disclosures but also listens to, understands and give priority to the stakeholders perspectives and opinions. Stakeholders feedback is taken into consideration and execution of ideas is done as quickly as possible (Chen, Lu and Sougiannis 2012). There are various initiatives to involve shareholders in active decision making and convening business ideas so that they feel as a participant in companys ventures. Some of these initia tives are discussed as follows: Briefing of Retail Shareholders information: In Annual General Meetings these briefings are done in the presence of CFOs and CEOs. This is done to increase the transparency among retail shareholders and to give them insight of the upcoming plans of the company. Encourage interrogation in advance of the AGM: Telstra requests the shareholders to prepare a list of queries and the topic of discussions that needs to be dealt with in the AGM meeting. This gives the management an idea and the head start about the rising concerns that are inquisitive among its shareholders. Briefing of investors:Telstra provides its investors with the briefs of the ongoing and upcoming projects that are to be developed by the company. This is important for the investors as they should know that their money is being invested in a proper way and is worth the effort. They also get the idea of the market trends so that they can invest more in the projects that are yet to start (Hermalin and Weisbach 2012). Electronic Communication: In the developing technological age, the stakeholders are provided with official email ids and other user authentication objects so that they can easily log in the companys portal and see by themselves what the company is intending to do. Online notifications of each and every details of the company gives an assurance to the stakeholders about the whereabouts of the companys plans (Jo and Harjoto 2012). Webcasting Telstras events: to discuss the AGM, financial reports and other such activities of the company, webcasting is done. This provides a larger platform for discussion and is a strong step towards stakeholders relationship with the company. Suggestions in Governance of Telstra As it can be established from the above discussion, Telstra has quite concrete Project and Portfolio Management system which has benefited the company in many ways. Its development in the recent past is the proof of its efficient structure of governance. But still, there is a room of improvement in the framework of Telstras governance. It can be observed that the company lacks proper advertisement mechanism to reach maximum number of customers through media. Being a popular company, it ignores the fact that it needs to advertise its products and services in a more dynamic and exhaustive way so that the customers can feel inquisitive to experience the services. Telstra can also improve and diversify their business base by increasing the number of Board members. This will enhance the area of expertise at the top level of management. This will incorporate personnel of diverse viewpoints who understand business in different ways. Their input will give a deep insight to expand the domain of the company exponentially. Since Telstra is a media and telecommunication based company, it should also lay emphasis on the data security of the customers on the network and also during data transmission. With advancement of technology, data security and risks involved with it is of prior importance. References: Aebi, V., Sabato, G. and Schmid, M., 2012. Risk management, corporate governance, and bank performance in the financial crisis.Journal of Banking Finance,36(12), pp.3213-3226. Agrawal, A.K., 2012. Corporate governance objectives of labor union shareholders: Evidence from proxy voting.Review of Financial Studies,25(1), pp.187-226. Armstrong, C.S., Balakrishnan, K. and Cohen, D., 2012. Corporate governance and the information environment: Evidence from state antitakeover laws.Journal of Accounting and Economics,53(1), pp.185-204. Belloc, F., 2012. Corporate governance and innovation: A survey.Journal of Economic Surveys,26(5), pp.835-864. Brammer, S., Jackson, G. and Matten, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-Economic Review,10(1), pp.3-28. Chen, C.X., Lu, H. and Sougiannis, T., 2012. The agency problem, corporate governance, and the asymmetrical behavior of selling, general, and administrative costs.Contemporary Accounting Research,29(1), pp.252-282. Chhaochharia, V., Kumar, A. and Niessen-Ruenzi, A., 2012. Local investors and corporate governance.Journal of Accounting and Economics,54(1), pp.42-67. Cuat, V., Gine, M. and Guadalupe, M., 2012. The vote is cast: The effect of corporate governance on shareholder value.The Journal of Finance,67(5), pp.1943-1977. Hazarika, S., Karpoff, J.M. and Nahata, R., 2012. Internal corporate governance, CEO turnover, and earnings management.Journal of Financial Economics,104(1), pp.44-69. Hermalin, B.E. and Weisbach, M.S., 2012. Information disclosure and corporate governance.The Journal of Finance,67(1), pp.195-233. Hochberg, Y.V., 2012. Venture capital and corporate governance in the newly public firm.Review of Finance,16(2), pp.429-480. Jo, H. and Harjoto, M.A., 2012. The causal effect of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility.Journal of business ethics,106(1), pp.53-72. Karolyi, G.A., 2012. Corporate governance, agency problems and international cross-listings: A defense of the bonding hypothesis.Emerging Markets Review,13(4), pp.516-547. Michelon, G. and Parbonetti, A., 2012. The effect of corporate governance on sustainability disclosure.Journal of Management Governance,16(3), pp.477-509. Morellec, E., Nikolov, B. and Schrhoff, N., 2012. Corporate governance and capital structure dynamics.The Journal of Finance,67(3), pp.803-848. Nini, G., Smith, D.C. and Sufi, A., 2012. Creditor control rights, corporate governance, and firm value.Review of Financial Studies,25(6), pp.1713-1761. Telstra.com, 2016.www.telstra.com.au. [online] www.telstra.com.au. Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au [Accessed 29 Sep. 2016]. Van den Berghe, L., 2012.International standardisation of good corporate governance: best practices for the board of directors. Springer Science Business Media. Walls, J.L., Berrone, P. and Phan, P.H., 2012. Corporate governance and environmental performance: is there really a link?.Strategic Management Journal,33(8), pp.885-913. Wintoki, M.B., Linck, J.S. and Netter, J.M., 2012. Endogeneity and the dynamics of internal corporate governance.Journal of Financial Economics,105(3), pp.581-606.

Dentralization Pros and Cons Essay Example For Students

Dentralization Pros and Cons Essay When it comes to decentralization, there are many pros and cons. Decentralization can be beneficial in the fact that it allows for experts to take control of specific functions of an organization and easily convey information back and forth. It also allows for direct contact and relationships with managers. Decentralization also allows managers to participate in planning. Unfortunately, there are disadvantages of decentralization as well. Some managers will find that they have too much work to do and other will have too little. It will also become difficult to have managers take on different tasks or projects if needed because of overspecialization. Also, if one manager leaves, there will not be anyone to pick up his place with quite the same knowledge and expertise. Centralization is another method which has its pros and cons. A positive aspect is the fact that the corporate decision maker has full control over the organization and the decisions that the organization must follow. The organization may also benefit from the fact that all information is reported to the corporate decision maker; he or she listens to all comments and concerns and is able to infer from all information received. There are disadvantages to centralization as well. The larger an organization becomes, the more information that one manager has to comprehend and consider; eventually he/she will need help. Tasks will have to be divided or else the organization will become disorganized and at times, seem chaotic. What happens if the manger is away for whatever reason? Timely corporate decisions are impossible when no one is around to make them. Whether an organization chooses centralization or decentralization is completely a matter or choice. One system may work better than the other depending on the situation or the type of organization. It is an important choice and should be carefully and wisely considered.